B4 - Project Topic - Alkiviadis Tsitsios

PROJECT OUTLINE - AE 410

Topic: Sensors and Controls for energy savings and security

Members: Hailey Ihlow, Blas Rodriguez, Akiviadis Tsitsios

1.Introduction

One of the main components around buildings is the use of security. Through the years we have been improving all the components of buildings, and now simple locks are not as useful as before. Many threads have been overcome with mechanical techniques, but the use of automation can not only improve the user’s interface with the systems but greatly improve the overall performance of the system.

On the other hand, one of the most energy consuming elements that humans use every day are buildings. In which the accumulation of all the different things inside increase this consumption. Even though we have come up with technologies to decrease the energy needs (like an LED), automation can play a huge role in building’s energy savings by activating the correct systems at the correct locations and times based on the needs.

As a result, the use of automation and sensors can bring advances to the performance of a building and the interaction of its tenants. The goal of this research project is to inform ourselves of some current techniques and technologies and apply them to a model system. Thus, providing us not only the basic knowledge of the systems that the market offers us to improve a building but also to understand how to properly use it and apply this knowledge in a model situation.  

2. Background

For this project, most of our research has been done around current control systems for security, lighting, and sensors. For this project, we determine that it will be necessary to use LUTRON RadioRA 2 Lighting Control device, NCD Industrial Relay Controller 8-Channel SPDT, StartTech ICUSB2324X Serial Adapter Hub for controls and sensors. On the other hand, the communication with the computer will be made completely in RS232 following each device protocol.  Finally, the central control will be done in a computer using MATLAB as our programming software and Microsoft Excel as our database.

3. Components (Sensors and Elements)

a. Security components used for demonstration

Using an NCD Industrial Relay Controller 8 channels SPDT, we will be controlling a board of 8 5-10 amps SPDT relays which will be used to communicate with the locks and also collect data from sensors. The sensors that will be used are yet to be determined based on our approach.

b. Lighting controls used for demonstration

For lighting controls, a LUTRON RadiaRA 2 will be the integrated control that communicates with the PC. This system is excellent because it allows monitoring and controls any lighting subsystem. 

c. Software and communication technique

As most of our college applications have been done using MATLAB, the software used for this project will be MATLAB that contains a really useful toolbox for RS232 communications. Using MATLAB as the programming software, the best approach for a demonstration will be the use of Microsoft Excel as the Database. However, as this element is just a demonstration and proof of concept, the system can be then expandable to other database software such as Microsoft Access.

4. Floorplan

A working model system will be created using a program such as Revit, creating a small scale structure that will be designed with sensors and elements for energy saving and security.  The model will have the basics of a building such as walls, floor, ceiling, and roof. Different models will be linked together, i.e. there will be a sensors model and an architectural model. Further expansion of the models will come as required. 

5. Database

For a big building, the best system to contain the entire database of the tenants will be Microsoft Access. It provides not only a much better environment for big data sets, but it contains a better toolset which manages this data through different software. However, as our model system is really small (In comparison to the actual capabilities of the system), our focus will be to use Microsoft Excel for proof of concept. 

6. Conclusion

a.Findings

i. Small write up on what was completed and what possible outcomes using the sensors/elements. This will include any research completed for further understanding. 

ii. Log and Lessons learned 

b. Model and Database

Revit sheets with different sections via the Architecture and the sensors/elements models 

Database and info on sensors, elements, and other components used within the project.  

My group’s proposed topic is “Sensors and Controls for Energy Savings and Security”. This topic was chosen because as there are innovations in technology, specifically intelligent buildings, other components of the building must be innovated as well. Key components that must change in the face of adversity are both saving energy, as well as security. With the increase of shootings in the United States, there is a clear need for updated security systems that can respond without any human interaction. A component that directly coincides with the security is having an intelligent set of sensors and controls that work hand in hand with the updated system. Combining energy saving components while implementing an updated security system is the basis of our project.

Calvin Tang

I like how you are combining two classes in one, knocking two birds out with one stone.Testing the accuracy of software is important as we make the shift from hand calculations to results by computers, as you mentioned. I think a good way to obtain better results is to use another design software along with SAP to further enhance the accuracy of your results, and to increase the precision of the mean/standard deviation.

Nick Maloney

Your analysis of this building will be beneficial to your expanding knowledge of BIM. What is covered in AE 410 will greatly enhance your ability to design a new home for the CAEE department. Using Revit, the implementation of systems and databases will push your Junior Design project to new heights. The contrast between RAM and Revit will also be beneficial for your knowledge. Make sure to point out which of the two works best for your goal.

Maalik Kaptue

I look forward to learning more about your analysis on the capabilities of different AI machinery. Whether you view the advancement of AI as negative or positive, it is important to know how the industry will change as AI develpes. Do you feel that work done by an AI will be of a higher quality than that of a human? What are some factors that an AI can account for that a human can not? Or Vise Versa?